When using phonophoresis, what is the most effective method to minimize the risk of exacerbating inflammation during treatment?

Using a pulsed 20% duty cycle during phonophoresis is effective in minimizing the risk of exacerbating inflammation because this method allows for intermittent delivery of energy. When ultrasound is applied with a pulsed mode, the tissue receives sound waves for only a fraction of the treatment time, which helps prevent continuous heating of the tissue. This intermittent application is particularly beneficial when addressing conditions that may involve inflammation, as it reduces the overall thermal effect on the tissues. By decreasing the likelihood of overheating, the pulsed mode helps to maintain a balanced tissue response and minimizes potential adverse effects associated with heat.

The other methods, while having their own applications in ultrasound therapy, do not specifically address the concern of exacerbating inflammation as effectively as the pulsed duty cycle does. For instance, using a frequency of 1 MHz is common for deeper tissue penetration, but it does not mitigate the thermal effects on inflamed tissues. Limiting treatment time to five minutes may help to some extent but does not control the intensity of the thermal exposure received during that time. Finally, selecting an intensity less than 1.5 W/cm2 is a guideline for safe application, yet it does not provide the same level of control over the heating effects as a pulsed duty cycle